Intended for first- or second-year students. Seminars involve reading, discussing, and writing about different historical topics and periods, and emphasize the enhancement of critical and communication skills. Several seminars are offered each term. Not more than two Introductory Seminars may be counted toward the major in history.

This course examines the history of nationalism in modern Europe, from the 1700s to the present day. We will consider the emergence and consolidation of European nation-states in the eighteenth century; nationalist movements and the breakup of empires in the nineteenth; ethnic cleansing and nationalist violence in twentieth-century Europe; as well as the rise of the European Union and its challenges today.

This course provides the opportunity to offer a new topic in the subject area of general history.

This course will examine the roots, causes, and aftermath of communism's collapse in Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union. We will consider economic stagnation and abortive attempts at reform; political crises and the rise of dissident movements; cultural exchange and the influence of mass media; and the role of social and nationalist activism.

The major seminar is a small class (not more than 15 students) intended primarily but not exclusively for history majors who have completed two or more courses relevant to the topic of the seminar. The work of the seminar results primarily in the preparation of a substantial (ca. 25 pp. in standard format) research paper. Some restrictions and prerequisites apply to enrollment. See a history advisor or the director of undergraduate studies.

In exceptional circumstances and with the permission of a faculty member any student may undertake a rigorous program of independent study designed to explore a subject not currently being taught or to expand upon regular offerings. Independent Study projects may not be used to replace regularly scheduled classes. Open to majors or non-majors.

This course introduces students to a variety of disciplinary approaches to the study of Europe (history, anthropology, sociology, political science, economics, and culture). Stress will be laid on how combining perspectives from different fields of study can help deepen understanding of specific problems of European life. Emphasis on student interpretation of readings and analysis of central issues in Europe's development across time.

This course will offer critical perspectives on selected issues related to European Studies. Topics vary.

This course examines seminal works in the study of nationalism, focusing on major questions in the field. Topics include the origins of nationalism; its relationship to empire and to violence; the techniques and technologies of nationalist mobilization; and nationalism's role in daily life. We will read both theoretical texts and historical case studies, with a special emphasis on modern Europe.

This course introduces students to the modern history of Central and Eastern Europe. We will consider topics like the rise of nationalism, the challenges of state-building, the spread of left- and right-wing ideologies, interactions with the "West," and the experience of war and revolution.